RENEWABLE ENERGY

In this paper we are dealing with Renewable energy resources.Renewable energy resources are non-exhaustible and those which are obtained naturally. Using this renewable energy resources on large scale for various applications is the need of the day. As the world is facing carcity of various non-renewable energy resources such as oil, petrol, natural gas, etc. it is n ecessary to find various solutions and use more and more renewable energy resources.

       In this paper we have especially focused on Wind Energy which is an important renewable energy. We have described briefly about the history of wind energy, various wind power programs which have been implemented till today and which are in process.

      This paper we have give a short about turbine and its types. And how the small turbine windmill can be installed in the house for its individual household use.

     Also we have include the Indian scenario over wind and other renewable source as well as renewable scenario of maharastra state. And the carbon credit result into increase in renewable source.

      Thus this paper deals with application of wind energy in day to day life more effectively and efficiently. Also we have given examples of Tata power plant and Belgaum plant in this.This paper also gives India’s statistics regarding application of wind energy.

Renewable energy

          Renewable energy is energy generated from natural resources—such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides and geothermal heat—which are renewable (naturally replenished). Renewable energy technologies include  solar power, wind power, hydroelectricity, micro hydro, biomass and biofuels.

• Climate change concerns coupled with high oil prices, peak oil and increasing government support are driving increasing renewable energy legislation, incentives and commercialization.
• Wind Power
• India now ranks as a "wind superpower" with an installed wind power capacity of 1167 MW and about 5 billion units of electricity have been fed to the national grid so far.In progress are wind resource assessment programme, wind monitoring, wind mapping, covering 800 stations in 24 states with 193 wind monitoring stations in operations. Altogether 13 states of India have a net potential of about 45000 MW.
• Solar Energy:-Solar water heaters have proved the most popular so far and solar photovoltaics for decentralized power supply are fast becoming popular in rural and remote areas. More than 700000 PV systems generating 44 MW have been installed all over India. Under the water pumping programme more than 3000 systems have been installed so far and the market for solar lighting and solar pumping is far from saturated. Solar drying is one area which offers very good prospects in food, agricultural and chemical products drying applications.
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Thermal (Refrigeration & Air conditioning)

AUTOMOTIVE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF REFRIGERATION COMPRESSOR CAPACITY AND INLET AIR MIXING DOOR

            An automotive air conditioning system is provided comprising a duct for introducing a flow of air into a vehicle cabin, a closed-loop refrigeration circuit including a compressor for circulating a refrigerant through the circuit and an evaporator arranged in the duct to contact the air flow such that an exchange of heat occurs between refrigerant in the evaporator and air in the duct. The air conditioning system further includes a temperature sensor arrange in the duct for measuring the temperature of the evaporator, and a control unit for selectively commanding operation of the system in accordance with the measured temperature of the evaporator. The duct includes an outside air inlet and an inside air inlet separated by an air mix door that regulates the amount of inside air introduced into the duct. In a preferred embodiment, the temperature sensor comprises an infrared (IR) temperature sensor that is remotely positioned downstream of the evaporator such that the sensor can measure the temperature of a downstream surface of the evaporator. The use of an infrared temperature sensor allows the temperature of substantially the entire downstream surface of the evaporator to be measured instead of a small finite area of the evaporator.

 10 – Air conditioning system;                          12 – Duct;

14 – Blower;                                                     16 – Evaporator;

18 – Electrical control unit;                              20 – Inside air inlet;

22 – Outside air inlet;                                       24 – Air mix door;

28 – Servomotor;                                              30 – compressor; 

32 – Rotating shaft;                                          34 – Pulley;

36 – Heater core;                                              38 –Air mix door;

40 – Inlet;                                                          42 – Outlet;

46 – Servomotor;                                              50 – Central processing unit;

52 – Read only memory;                                  54 – Random access memory;

62 – Blower drives circuit;                               65 – compressor control circuit;

68 – Infrared sensor;                                        70 – Downstream surface of evaporator;

MODERN TRENDS IN I.C. ENGINES & AUTOMOBILES “BALL PISTON ENGINE”

“BALL PISTON ENGINE"

INTRODUCTION

Efforts to develop rotary internal combustion engines have been undertaken in the past, and are continuing. One main advantage to be gained with a rotary engine is reduction of inertial loads and better dynamic balance. The Wankel rotary engine has been the most successful example to date, but sealing problems contributed to its decline. The Hanes rotary engine uses an eccentric circular rotor in a circular chamber with sliding radial vanes. This engine has never been fully tested and commercialized, and has a sealing problem similar to that of the Wankel. A more recent development, the Rand Cam engine, uses axial vanes that slide against cam surfaces to vary chamber volume. Currently under development, it remains to be seen whether the Rand Cam can overcome the sealing problems that are again similar to those of the Wankel.

Fig: 01 End Section View of Engine Design

In the compressor and pump arena, reduction of reciprocating mass in positive displacement machines has always been an objective, and has been achieved most effectively by lobe, gear, sliding vane, liquid ring, and screw compressors and pumps, but at the cost of hardware complexity or higher losses. Lobe, gear, and screw machines have relatively complex rotating element shapes and friction losses. Sliding vane machines have sealing and friction issues. Liquid ring compressors have fluid turbulence losses.

The new design concept of the Ball Piston Engine uses a different approach that has many advantages, including low part count and simplicity of design, very low friction, low heat loss, high power to weight ratio, perfect dynamic balance, and cycle thermodynamic tailoring capability.